, ..., , ͻ
, ..., ͻ, .
, ..-..,
. .
, 1991 . . . . . : , , (), - (. , ). , . - . , ., , , . , 1972 , 70-80- , , . ( ). , . . , , .
1991 1992 . , ( 30 . ), : , , , , .
( ). .
. , , .
1992 . . . , , , . .
. ( ). : - ( . , 1996 . ) . 1998 -, , , , . , . .1999 . , .
. : , -, . .
. , , . .. . , , . , . , . , . . ! . , . . , , . - . , . ( , , , ..)
!
. , , , ! , . , , . , , . ., , , . , .
: ! - . , - . , - , - . , .
, - . , , - (IChE) DIERS, . TUFFP , , , (James Brill). .
. , , . , , .
. ( . , . ), . , . ( ... ). , .
- .
: 32569-2013, 32388-2013, 55722-2013, 55596-2013.
2013 . . , 32569-2013. 2013 32388-2013 . , , 55596-2013 . . . 2007 03-004-07 , , , ; , . .
. --03.003-2009. 55722-2013 . . . һ -. 55 , (, . ; Sewon vertex Heavy Industries, . ), (, . ), ( IDESA), (Zhangjiagang Furui Heavy Equipment Co).
AIChE ( ), .
- , . .
: , , , . , ͻ, 1994 . ͻ , , , , , , --. , . .
:
() --2 ǻ ͻ,
() -2 -ͻ, ͻ:
. , , . , . , , , , Linde AG, KSB (), Lummus Heat Transfer B.V. (), Koch-Glitsch (), . () . 2005 ExxonMobil , . , , , , , , , , .
: .. .. . Mitsubishi - , , .
2002 .:
- , , . , .
. , . , , , . ! () .
:
() ,
() ( )
2003 ѻ, , , , . 2003 : - (. ), , (. -) . , , ѻ. ѻ, .
, .
. , , , , , , .
, , 70-80- . ( -32, -6 ), .
( ) 1967 . , . 1994 , , , . һ , . , . 3000 .
:
AECSoft () 29 2015 . : , , ( ), Richard Wang (AECSoft), , ( ), Tian Ye (AECSoft):
1976 , , . , 2000- MS Windows. .
:
,
( , ) . 10 2004 . : (), ( ), (), , , ( ), ( ), ():
2004 , . , ( ), 300 . -, , .
( ), , 250 , . , (API 520, ISO 4126), , DIERS.
, , 3D . CADPIPE ( 2.5-) 80- ; Bentley Systems Rebis 80- 90- ; PDS Intergraph; Plant4D CEA Plant3D Autodesk. ( ), , , . , , , .
:
.. 1996 . OMNI-Pipe MicroStation. - Intergraph TD3, Intergraph Windows NT. OMNI-Series Bentley MicroStation:
ͻ 3D. 3D λ. MicroStation OMNI-Pipe 1998 .:
, , .
, . . , , , ( һ; ; -ݻ); , , , , ( ; һ); , ( -). , , . , .
, . , , . , ( ). ( ; ; ; ; ).
. , , Ezio Todini (). TUFFP Unified Model, . GERG-2008, , , , ( EMU), () - .
һ , .
C3D
, . . , , ! , , , . . , , , .
, ( ) , . ( , ), ( ) , , . 3D , / , .
, , . .
, , . , , , . , .
..
. . , , 40÷50% . , . ( , ), . , Consistent Software CSD, CSoft, . . , (, , .).
. Beijing AECSoft (). , , !
, . ( C3D), ( WaterSteamPro); - , ( GERG-2008); ProSim S.A., ( Simulis Themodynamics); Calsep A/S, ( PVTSim Open Structure Hydrate); VSX VOGEL SOFTWARE GmbH, ( Spaix); TUFFP . , ( TUFFP Unified Model); combit GmbH, ( List&Label). . , , , !
TUFFP . , , , 2013 .
, . , . , , , , , . , !
***
. . , ! , , ( ), (, -). , , , .