, , . . BIM . BIM- ( - BIM) . BIM- , , . BIM- .
1.
1.1. BIM-
(. BIM Building Information Modeling) ( ) [1], . : , , , . : , , , , , , . : ; , . , BIM- (. BIM Use) [2, 3]. BIM-, . . , : , ( , , . .), ( ), ( , , ). ( , , , ).BIM-, : , , . , BIM- , , , , [4]. , . . , , , .
BIM- , BIM : - , , , . : BIM , . , ( BIM, ). , . , , BIM , , , .
1.2. BIM-
, BIM- . ( , ), (, ), (, , , ), , , . . , , , , -, , BIM , , [5, 6]. , BIM , , , [7]. BIM , . BIM, .BIM . , BIM , 70% [7]. BIM. , , . . [8, 9]. , , . . , [10]. (, ) , . BIM, , [11]. , BIM. [12], , : , . , [13], (. . , ).
[14] , . [15], - ( ).
BIM- , .. [16]. , [3]. .. , , BIM- , , , [17].
, BIM, , BIM- , . , .
1.3.
BIM (BIM-) ., :
- , BIM-;
- BIM- ;
- BIM- , ;
- ;
- .
2.
2.1. BIM-
BIM- , [3], 30 550 BIM. BIM-, , , , , . - BIM-, . . 1 ( ).
1. [3]
/ | / BIM- | |
1 | (Gather) , | , , . . , BIM. |
1.1 | (Capture) | : . . , , . , . |
1.2 | (Quantify) | . , . . : , , , , . |
1.3 | (Monitor) () | . , BIM . BIM , . |
1.4 | (Qualify) , | : , , . . , . , , . , . |
2 | (Generate) , | , , . BIM- , BIM . , . , ( ). |
2.1 | (Prescribe) , | , . . . , . . |
2.2 | (Arrange) | , . . . , , . . |
2.3 | (Size) | , . , . . . |
3 | (Analyze) , | . BIM- , . , , , . |
3.1 | (Coordinate) | , , ( ). , . BIM- , , . . . |
3.2 | (Forecast) | . , , , . , . . , , ( CFD) . , , , . . |
3.3 | (Validate) , | . BIM- : , . , , . , , , . , , . , . , , . |
4 | (Communicate) , | . BIM- . . , BIM-. |
4.1 | (Visualize) | . . , . , . , BIM-, . |
4.2 | (Transform) | , . , , . BIM- , , . , , . |
4.3 | (Draw) | , . . . , , : , , . |
4.4 | (Document) , | . , . BIM- , , . |
5 | (Realize) | BIM . BIM- , , . , : . |
5.1 | (Fabricate) | , . , . BIM . . |
5.2 | (Assemble) | , . , , . |
5.3 | (Control) | , . , , . : GPS, . . |
5.4 | (Regulate) | . , , , . , . . BIM- . |
BIM- [3] : () , () , () , . , , . , , . , , BIM-, .
[18] [19] , 12 (. 2).
2. - [18, 19]
/ | |||
1 | 01 | . , , , , (, , , . .) | |
2 | 02 | , , , . | |
3 | 03 | , , , , , , . | |
4 | 04 | , . . | |
5 | 05 | - . , , , . | |
6 | 06 | , . | |
7 | 07 | . | |
8 | 08 | , , . | |
9 | 09 | , ( ) , . , , . | |
10 | 10 | , , , . . . | |
11 | 11 | (, , , ) , . . , , , . | |
12 | 12 | , , , , , . |
, [20, 21], (. 3). .
3. - [20, 21]
/ | |||
1 | : , , , . . | ||
2 | , , : , , , . . | ||
3 | - , , , . . | ||
4 | : , , . . | ||
5 | , , , , , , , , . . |
, , , , BIM- (. 1).
1. BIM-
BIM-. 1 . BIM- ( ) , , . , : 11-01-.
BIM- , . :
- , BIM- ( ), , - BIM- BIM- ( ). , ( +, );
- , ( ), .
2. BIM-,
2.2. BIM-
: , . BIM-, . BIM- , (. 4).
4. BIM-
/ | BIM- | BIM- | |
1 | 11-01-++ | GIS. | Autodesk Infraworks 360 (. 3) |
2 | 11-01+02- | , GIS. | [23] |
3 | 11-01+02- | GIS. | Gismeteo Web API [24] |
4 | 11-02-+ | / [25, 26]. | , (. 4) |
5 | 12-01-+ | - . | R1 (. 5) |
6 | 12-02- | - . | Autodesk Project Discover (. 6) |
7 | 22-03+04+05-++ | [27]. | Autodesk Revit [28] |
8 | 31-03+04+05-++.1 | . | Autodesk BIM 360 Team (. 7) |
9 | 31-03+04+05-++.2 | . | Autodesk BIM 360 Glue [29] |
10 | 33-04-++ | . | Autodesk BIM 360 Docs (. 8) |
11 | 12-02+03+04+05+06+07-++ | [30]. | BIM-COST (. 9) |
12 | 21-08-++++ | . | Autodesk BIM 360 Plan [29] |
13 | 13-08-++++ | . | BIM-TIME (. 10) |
14 | 21-06-++ | [31]. | BIM-TENDER (. 11) |
15 | 14-08-++ | . | Autodesk BIM 360 Field [29] |
16 | 52-08- | . | BIM-PCM (. 12) |
17 | 13-10- | . | Dasher 360 (. 13) |
18 | 41-01- | . | Lumion [32] |
19 | 41-02+03-++ | . | Autodesk 3Ds Max [33] |
20 | 41-04+05-++++ | . | V-ray for Autodesk Revit [34] |
21 | 43-03+04+05-++++ | . | Autodesk Revit Dynamo [35] |
3. Autodesk Infraworks 360 [36]
4. [37]
5. R1 ( -) [38]
6. - Autodesk Project Discover [39]
7. Autodesk BIM 360 Team [29]
8. Autodesk BIM 360 Docs [29]
9. () BIM-COST ( -) [17]
10. BIM-PLAN ( -)
11. BIM-TENDER ( -)
12. BIM-PCM ( -)
13. Dasher 360 [40]
3.
BIM- (. 14). , BIM- .14. BIM- -
, BIM- , BIM- (. 15). ( ) . BIM (BIM-), EIR ( . Employer's Information Requirements ) [2, 41].
15. BIM- - ( BIM-)
, BIM- . .
4.
BIM PLM ( . Product Lifecycle Management) , , : , , , [42]. , , . BIM, PLM, , . . , ..
- BIM- , .
- BIM- , . BIM.
- BIM- . BIM- BIM- .
- , , .
- , BIM- , .
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17. .. BIM // . 2018. 1-2. . 28-30.
18. 30.12.2009 384- // . 04.01.2010. 1. . 5.
19. Omniclass. Table 31 Phases [ ]. ( : 17.12.2017).
20. 21.1101-2013. (). ( ). .: , 2013. 59 .
21. Omniclass. Table 33 Phases [ ]. ( : 17.12.2017).
22. .., .., .., .. 3D // . 2017. 6 (57). . 22-30.
24. Gismeteo API. [ ]. ( : 17.12.2017).
25. Kemp A. (2016). BIM - the wider landscape of infrastructure, and the convergence with geospatial. NBS. National BIM Report. 2016. Pp. 4-7.
26. ., ., ., . ., ., ., . -, // . 2017. 1 (52). . 93-101.
27. .. Autodesk Revit Robot Structural Analysis Professional // . 2015. 11 (38). C. 72-88.
28. Autodesk Revit [ ]. ( : 17.12.2017).
29. Autodesk BIM 360. Construction management software for improved decision-making [ ]. ( : 17.12.2017).
30. ., .., ., .. // . 2017. 4 (55). . 124-134.
31. Grilo A., Jardim-Goncalves R. (2011). Challenging electronic procurement in the AEC sector: A BIM-based integrated perspective. Automation in Construction. 2011. No. 20. Pp. 107-114.
32. .., .., .. Lumion // . 2014. 7 (22). . 239-252.
33. Autodesk 3ds Max [ ]. ( : 17.12.2017).
34. V-Ray for Revit. Professional Rendering for Architects & Designers [ ]. ( : 17.12.2017).
35. Dynamo. Open source graphical programming for design [ ]. ( : 17.12.2017).
36. . , , . Autodesk InfraWorks 360 2017 [ ]. ( : 17.12.2017).
38. Ѹ .., .. [ ]. ( : 17.12.2017).
39. Nagy D., Lau D., Locke J., Stoddart J., Villaggi L., Wang R., Zhao D., Benjamin D. (2017). Project Discover: An application of generative design for architectural space planning. SimAUD 2017 Conference proceedings: Symposium on Simulation for Architecture and Urban Design. 2017. 8 p.
40. Project Dasher 360 [ ]. ( : 15.12.2017).
41. PAS 1192-2:2013. Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Specifi cation for information management for the capital/delivery phase of construction projects using building information modelling. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013. 68 p.
42. .., .., .. PLM , , // . 2010. 1. . 3-23.