/   /
9 2020

BIM ()

, ,

: . (),
. , .  Ļ


( ) . , , BIM , .

International Journal of Open Information Technologies,  8,  12 (2020).

1. BIM

1.1

1.1.1

TEN-T

Rail Baltica,

Crossrail,

High Speed 2,

1.1.2 -

Horizon 2020

1.1.3

1.2 BIM

1.2.1

1.2.2

1.2.3

1.2.4

1.2.5

1.2.6

2.

2.1. : BIM

2.2. : (VR/MR)

2.3.

2.4.

2.5. :

2.6. :

2.7. :

2.8. :

3.

1. BIM

BIM (, , ) . , .

1.1

1.1.1

TEN-T

(TEN-T) ,  [1]. TEN-T (TENs), (eTEN) (TEN-E Ten-Energy).

TEN-T , , , , , , . TEN-T 1996 .

10 TEN-T.

, . : , , , - -  . .

4- () - (, buildingSMART [2]), . TEN-T Rail Baltica.


Rail Baltica,

Rail Baltica , , ()  [3]. BIM [4].

, , 2030 Rail Baltica - 5  16  .

, RB Rail AS, BIM [5]. BIM RB Rail Baltic , , , , , - . , .

RB Rail AS BIM, . IFC, buildingSMART. .

, IFC alignment, IFC bridge, IFC tunnel IFC, , BIM , . , IFC ( Bentley Systems, IFC ).

RB Rail AS (CDE) Rail Baltica, .

RB RAIL AS, , , . .

( ) :

  1. , , . .
  2. , , MCA, CAPEX OPEX. , , . LOD 200.
  3. - . , . LOD 300.
  4. , Rail Baltica, . , . LOD 400.

Rail Baltica : , . (TIDP) BIM (BEP)  [6] , .

, BIM BIM. , , , . , AIM ( ) .


Crossrail,

Crossrail ( Elizabeth line) - 117  (73 ),  [7].

, - , .

Crossrail . .

Crossrail 345-70, 200  (660 ), 1500 . ( Bombardier, ) 140 / (90 /). Crossrail Siemens.

BIM

. 1. Crossrail ,

, . Crossrail BIM- .

Crossrail 2009 , 2008 , . 2011 , , , 2016 , BIM  2, Crossrail. , , BIM [8].

BIM Crossrail  [10]. , BIM [8], [11-13].

BIM

. 2. Crossrail

Crossrail , , Crossrail, BIM.

Bentley ProjectWise, .

, Crossrail Bentley Crossrail BIM Academy Bentley Systems, . , , . Bentley Systems HS2 c Shell .

BIM Crossrail ,  [9]:

  • , .
  • ;
  • ;
  • , ;
  • ( );
  • ( );
  • ( /);
  • ( );
  • ( 4D );
  • ( );
  • ;
  • ( ).
- Crossrail 2 , . , , , , Crossrail.


High Speed 2,

HS2 -  [14], , , , 25 , , 30  . , , . Crossrail,  HS2 BIM, Bentley Systems.

HS2:

  • , .
  • , .
  • : HS2 , 17  (), , 7  , .

, High Speed Two Ltd, , BIM . HS2 .

BIM, , BIM HS2 .

1.1.2 -

Horizon 2020

[15] Shift2Rail , (R&I)  [16]. Shift2Rail ( BIM), Horizon 2020, (SERA).

, , .

BIM Shift2Rail Assets4Rail,  [17]:

Assets4Rail Shift2Rail , . .

Assets4Rail , . Assets4Rail , (, , ) . . , , , , , .

, , . RFID , .

, Assets4Rail .

1.1.3
, , BIM . ( ) (TENs Horizon 2020).

BIM , ( ) . ( ) , Bentley ProjectWise.

1.2 BIM

1.2.1
, , , BIM  [8]. , , IFC BIM- .

.  2019 . 2 360 8  56 .

2019 802,8  (117  ) , 4 600 . 29  .

, , , .

. buildingSMART BIM BIM- IFC Rail (China Railway BIM Alliance [18]).

BIM  [19]: - 71 , 64 , 10 10 , , , BIM , .

China Railway Engineering Consulting Group (CEC) . , BIM . , . , , CEC .

, CEC Bentley Systems . , , , , , BIM CEC.

ProjectWise Bentley Systems , . CEC ProjectWise BIM, MicroStation, OpenBuildings Designer OpenRoads Designer . , , .

1.2.2
Rail BIM 2030  [20] - , (Ghang Lee), (BIG) .

 2018 2030  4-  ( 4.0).

(KR) , , , .

[8]. , BIM 2008 , , KR BIM ; KR BIM 2009 , 2018 . KR , , . , , , , .

, Rail BIM 2030 KR (KRRI) Rail BIM, (MoLIT).

Rail BIM 2030 , Rail BIM 2030 BIM BIM, BIM ( ), (, IFC, COBie) .

BIM 50  , 2016 , .

Rail BIM 2030 BIM (BUL) ( ), BIM, .  [21] :

  • , KR ;
  • , BIM .
Rail BIM 2030 . , , .

BIM 2030 :

1: 2018 (BIM 1.0) 2D 3D BIM
BIM 2D 3D ( 1). 2D- . BIM , 2D- ( ). BIM- , , ,  . .

2: 2020 (BIM 2.0) BIM ( BIM)
( 2), 2020 , BIM , , , , , .  2D.

3: 2022 (BIM 3.0) BIM BIM.
BIM ( 3), 2022 , I- . BIM , , .

4: 2024 (BIM 4.0) Lean BIM ( BIM)
BIM ( 4), 2024 , ( , ), BIM , , , .

5: 2030 (BIM 5.0) BIM (AI BIM)
BIM ( 5), 2030 , BIM .

.

1.2.3
Deutsche Bahn AG (Deutsche Bahn Holding, . DB) BIM, ,  [22].

DB BIM:

, , , . BIM 3D- . , . .

, Deutsche Bahn , , , , , .

DB Crossrail  3 BIM  [23].

3 BIM , . ,  3 . .

, , , ,  DB, .

BIM . , , . BIM , .

BIM , 2020 . 13 DB 2016 , BIM .

2020 DB Engineering & Consulting [24] 14  BIM-, , DB BIM 2020 .

1.2.4
BIM ,  [85].

- MLRT Line 2 . BIM, , .

BIM

. 3. -

, - . 16,5  , - , .

, , 1060 , , . BIM , .

Lebuhraya Borneo Utara (LBU), , .

BIM Bentley ProjectWise Bentley AssetWise. , , LBU , . - Bentley , .

LBU , .

:

  • , BIM, GIS ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • , ;
  • .

, , , BS 1192.

BIM

. 4. ,

1.2.5
Maharashtra Metro Rail Corporation Limited (Maha Metro) , 50:50 [86].

1978 ( ), 2002  ( ) 1989 , .

. 38  2  38 215 , 30  31 254 , 5  .

40 , 106+  , 60+ 3D-, , 100+  1000+  .

Maha Metro , ERP , , Maha Metro. , , , 2D 3D , , , . .

Maha Metro ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) BIM . (OSO) , , .

OSO , ERP BIM , , . OSO , .

, , , , , .

BIM , , BIM .

BIM Maha Metro .

3D- , ( , , , , , ). , - (3D-, 2D-, ). BIM , , ,  . ., .

3D- , . , , .

:

  • Bentley ProjectWise Design Integration (PWDI) , BS1192. PWDI AssetWise ALIM (eB), ;
  • Bentley Asset Wise CDE (eB) , () (). AssetWise CDE (eB) , .

BIM Maha Metro Bentley ( Crossrail BIM Academy), , .

, BIM . BIM , , .

1.2.6.
. BIM , . 2030 .

2.

, . , .

BIM . () ().

: 2000- , , BIM-; , , .

, , , , .

2.1 : BIM

, , .  2D. ׸ , , .

 [25]. .

BIM

. 5. MLRT Line 2

2.2 : (VR/MR)

, (2D).  [26] [27].

( ) (virtual reality, VR). BIM (mixed reality, MR).

:

  • ( );
  • , MR-;
  • .

2013-14  ( , augmented reality, AR), .

, , , , .

, , , .

2.3

BIM-.

, (, ) , .

, .

, .

, , (, , ), . .

, : BIM- - .

BIM

. 6. MLRT Line 2

, 2016 ( IFC) , .

, BIM: , (MHC), -,  . .

, BIM- .

(.  63 ), 2D-  [30].

/:

  • ( );
  • ( BIM-).

, :

  • ;
  • .

:

  • ;
  • .

, , .

2.4  

BIM- , , , .

BIM () () .

 [35]. CORENET [36] 1990- , 2015  . () . , , , . , , . , 5000 BIM-, . CORENET CORENET [36], , .

BIM

. 7. BIM

BIM-. , Crossrail (. . 1.1.1) BIM .

-, .

2.5   :

BIM , . , , , , ,  . . - .

2.6   :

, . (,  21) , BIM , .

BIM- -. , , . .

2.6.1   1: BIM

: , - .

:

  • : , ;
  • , .

BIM- buildingSMART International, IFC (Industrial Foundation Classes) [39].

IFC .

IFC :

  • () (IFC Rail, IFC Bridge  . .);
  • BIM ;
  • ;
  • PLM- ( , ).

: IFC, STEP, EXPRESS.

IFC BIM-, IFC.

IFC , buildingSMART ( buildingSMART International).

2.6.2   2:
Bentley Systems Autodesk.

, , . , BIM-c.

-, , BIM-, -.

Navisworks Autodesk, ProjectWise iTwin Bentley Systems.

2.7   :

- BIM- [40]-[42].

. .

, , . , .

, , , , .

, , .

BIM , . .

( Horizon 2020, . . 1.1.2) TRL [44].

2.8   :

- BIM .

, , Atkins, 2015 , 2014  2020  460  , ,  [80]:

  • : 1,86  2010-2020. , - ;
  • : £2,5  , , ;
  • : . 20 , 50 .
  • : , . Arter, Network Rail, : , .

3.

3.1. . 2D- .

3.2. BIM . BIM, ( 2D- ), - PM (Project management, ) ERP (Enterprise resource planning, ). BIM- - .

3.3. BIM ( , ) . BIM, . BIM .

. , , . , BIM- , , , , .

  1. Trans-European Transport Network; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-European_Transport_Network
  2. buildingSMART; https://www.buildingsmart.org
  3. RailBaltica project; https://www.railbaltica.org
  4. RailBaltica BIM documentation; https://www.railbaltica.org/rb-rail-as-bim-documentation/
  5. Rail Baltica a view from the front line to the BIM implementation; https://www.e-zigurat.com/blog/en/rail-baltica-view-front-line-bim-implementation/
  6. EIR ( ); https://1-bim.ru/--eir/
  7. Crossrail project; https://www.crossrail.co.uk/#
  8. Vasily Kupriyanovsky etc. BIM on the world's railways development, examples, and standards// International Journal of Open Information Technologies ISSN: 2307-8162 vol. 8, no.5, 2020;
  9. BIM application in London Crossrail; https://www.e-zigurat.com/blog/en/bim-application-in-london-crossrail/
  10. Prof. S.N. Pollalis, D. Lappas Crossrail -Elizabeth Line London, UK, Case study. The Zofnass Program at Harvard, February 18, 2019
  11. Crossrail BIM Principles (CR-XRL-Z3-RGN-CR001-50005 Revision 5.0); https://learninglegacy.crossrail.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/12F-002-03_Crossrail-BIM-Principles_CR-XRL-Z3-RGN-CR001-50005-Revision-5.0.pdf
  12. Crossrail Asset Information A General Guide 2018; https://learninglegacy.crossrail.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/12C-004_Crossrail-Asset-Information-A-General-Guide.pdf
  13. CROSSRAIL OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE INFORMATION GUIDE ,Document type: Good Practice Document Author: Crossrail Ltd Publication Date: 09/07/2018; https://learninglegacy.crossrail.co.uk/documents/crossrail-operations-and-maintenance-information-guide/
  14. High Speed 2 project; https://www.hs2.org.uk, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Speed_2
  15. EU project program Horizon 2020; https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/en
  16. Shift2Rail project program; https://shift2rail.org
  17. Assets4Rail project; http://www.assets4rail.eu/about/
  18. hina Railway BIM Alliance Railway BIM Data Standard, (Version 1.0), CRBIM10022015; https://www.buildingsmart.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/bSI-SPEC-Rail.pdf
  19. Steve Cockerell, Director Industry Marketing Road and Rail, Bentley Systems China Railway Sets Benchmark for Full-lifecycle BIM on Beijing-Zhangjiakou Rail Project; https://www.cbnme.com/logistics-news/china-railway-sets-benchmark-for-full-lifecycle-bim-on-beijing-zhangjiakou-rail-project/
  20. Korean Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Yonsei University Rail BIM 2030 Roadmap; http://big.yonsei.ac.kr/railbim/reports/RailBIM2030Roadmap_Full_Eng_Final.pdf
  21. The Rail BIM 2030 roadmap project; https://www.gim-international.com/content/article/the-rail-bim-2030-roadmap-project
  22. Digital Construction. BIM: managing quality, cost and deadlines from the very start; https://www.deutschebahn.com/en/Digitalization/technology/innovations/digiatalesbauen-3520304
  23. Implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the Infrastructure Division of Deutsche Bahn AG, Deutsche Bahn AG 2019, https://www.deutschebahn.com/resource/blob/4114234/f17c340682cd9e8f6bfe3faae86e0f52/BIM-Strategy-Deutsche-Bahn-en-data.pdf
  24. DB Engineering & Consulting; https://referenzen.db-engineering-consulting.de/en
  25. ():
    https://www.bentley.com/ru
    https://www.autodesk.ru/
    https://www.nemetschek.com/en/
    https://graphisoft.com/ru
    https://ru.graitec.com/
    https://www.esri-cis.ru/ru-ru/home
    https://www.trimble.com/
  26. ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_reality
  27. ; https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/_
  28. Microsoft HoloLens product; https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_HoloLens
  29. Tekla Structures product; https://www.tekla.com/ru//tekla-structures
  30. . , . : - ; http://isicad.ru/ru/articles.php?article_num=17346
  31. Nemetschek Solibri product; https://www.solibri.com
  32. Autodesk Navisworks product; https://www.autodesk.ru/products/navisworks/overview
  33. Autodesk Dynamo product; https://www.autodesk.com/products/dynamo-studio/overview?plc=DYNSTD&term=1-YEAR&support=ADVANCED&quantity=1
  34. Bentley Navigator product product; https://www.pmsoft.ru/products/bentley/bentley-navigator/
  35. .. BIM: ; https://ardexpert.ru/article/5160
  36. CORENET system; https://www.corenet-ess.gov.sg/ess/
  37. Bentley Synchro product; https://www.bentley.com/en/products/brands/synchro
  38. Oracle Primavera product; https://www.oracle.com/ru/applications/primavera/solutions/products.html
  39. Industrial Foundation Classes, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industry_Foundation_Classes
  40. UK Digital Strategy; https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-digital-strategy/uk-digital-strategy
  41. Digital Finland; https://www.businessfinland.fi/globalassets/julkaisut/digital-finland-framework.pdf
  42. Singapure Digital-Economy-Framework; https://www.imda.gov.sg/infocomm-media-landscape/SGDigital/Digital-Economy-Framework-for-Action
  43. Linnea Bestjak, Cassandra Lindqvist Assessment of how Digital Twin can be utilized in manufacturing companies to create business value, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen industrial technology center, Sweden, 2020
  44. Technology readiness level; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_readiness_level
  45. Technische Universitat Munchen, Ingenieurfakultat Bau Geo Umwelt, Lehrstuhl fur Computergestutzte Modellierung und Simulation Building Information Modeling and Virtual Reality- Editing of IFC Elements in Virtual Reality;
  46. The Ohio State Umversity, Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Yuchen Lai Graduate Program in Civil Engineering Augmented Reality Visualization of Building Information Model;
  47. Isicad.ru: Autodesk, Dassault, PTC, Siemens Trimble AR-VR; http://isicad.ru/ru/articles.php?article_num=21436
  48. Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), School of Entrepreneurship, TIØ4530 The Minimum Hybrid Contract (MHC): Combining Legal and Blockchain Smart Contracts;
  49. Sweden Royal Institute of Technology, Department of real estate and consruction management, Elin Englund & Maria Gronlund Current Legal Problems and Risks with BIM in the Swedish AEC Industry;
  50. Sweden Royal Institute of Technology, Department of real estate and consruction management, Sebastian Orenäs Nissas, Nangi Rahimi Digitalized Construction Project-To Build after a Legally Binding BIM-model;
  51. The Pennsylvania State University, The Graduate School, College of Engineering, Eric Nulton Analysis Of Legal Concepts For Projects Implementing Building Information Modeling (BIM) In The United States;
  52. Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University, Ruchika Bhandare Building Information Modeling A Minimum Mathematical Configuration;
  53. Tampere University, Masters Degree Programme in Civil Engineering, Joonas Helminen Automated generation of steel connections of BIM by machine learning;
  54. Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Degree Program in Civil Engineering, Liudmila Moskaliuk Benchmark of availability of bim-objects for construction products;
  55. National Precast Concrete Association / Precast Magazines / Precast Inc. Magazine, Debbie Sniderman Bim and precast: where physical and digital meet; https://precast.org/2018/05/bim-and-precast-where-physical-and-digital-meet/
  56. Western Michigan University, Civil and Construction Engineering, Mohammed Al Dafaay Visualizing the Constructability of a Steel Structure Using Building Information Modeling and Game Simulation;
  57. Dmitry Zamolodchikov, Vasily Kupriyanovsky, Dmitry Namiot, German Sukonnikov, Natalia Fedorova, Petr Bubnov Comfortable environment and resources for passenger stations in the lifecycle of digital railways assets, International Journal of Open Information Technologies ISSN: 2307-8162 vol. 5, no.3, 2017;
  58. Gary Morin "Geotechnical BIM: Applying BIM Principles to the Subsurface"; https://www.autodesk.com/autodesk-university/article/Geotechnical-BIM-Applying-BIM-Principles-Subsurface-2019
  59. The University of Dayton, Prepared in cooperation with the Ohio Department of Transportation and the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration; Hui Wang, Xiangrong Wang, Robert Liang "Study of Al Based Methods for Characterization of Geotechnical Site Investigation Data";
  60. European Commission, JRC Technical Reports; A. Athanasopoulou, A. Bezuijen, W. Bogusz, D. Bournas, M. Brandtner, A. Breunese, U. Burbaum, S. Dimova, R. Frank, H. Ganz, U. Grunicke, H. Jung, A. Lewandowska, G. Nuijten, A. Pecker, S. Psomas, K. Roessler, A. Sciotti, M.L. Sousa, H. Stille, D. Subrin Standardisation needs for the design of underground structures;
  61. The Netherlands, Enschede, Faculty of Geo-lnformation Science and Earth Observation of the University of Twente, Shen Nie 3D BIM-GIS for underground network management;
  62. Lodron-Universitat Salzburg, Universitatslehrganges "Geographical Information Science & Systems" (UNIGIS MSc) am Interfakultaren Fachbereich fur Geolnformatik (ZGIS), B.Eng. Robert Lensing "I and construction process data in mechanized tunnel construction. Milestone control for tunnel construction sites using automatically created process data in comparison with 4D BIM";
  63. Karelia umversity of applied sciences (Finland), Degree Program in Civil Engineering, Aniirahmad Teymouri Potentialities and restrictions of construction 3d printing;
  64. Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Construction Engineering, Ruben Merckx The utilization of aerial photography and laser scanning in BIM modelling;
  65. Czech technical university in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Construction Management and Economics, Bc. Matej Koys Implementation of BIM Systems for Energy Analysis and Optimization in Buildings;
  66. European Commission, Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport, Unit C4 Rail safety commercial and interoperability ERTMS Retrofitting strategy Funding and Financing Final Report. ERTMS On-board strategy;
  67. European Commission, JRC Science For Policy Report, Gkoumas, K., Marques Dos Santos, F.L., van Balen, M., Tsakalidis, A., Ortega Hortelano, A., Grosso, M., Haq, G., Pekar, F. "Research and innovation in bridge maintenance, inspection and monitoring", A European perspective based on the Transport Research and Innovation Monitoring and Information System (TRIMIS);
  68. Joint Study Programme of Metropolia UAS and HTW Berlin, International Master of Science in Construction and Real Estate Management, Sowmya Gurum Analysis of LCC and BIM during Operations and Maintenance phase from the Perspective of Cost;
  69. Vasily Kupriyanovsky, Oleg Pokusaev, Alexander Klimov, Alexey Volodin BIM on the way to IFC5 alignment and development of IFC semantics and ontologies with UML and OWL for road and rail structures, bridges, tunnels, ports, and waterways, International Journal of Open Information Technologies ISSN: 2307-8162 vol. 8, no.8, 2020;
  70. buildingSMART Part 1 The UML Model Report Introduction to the IFC Harmonised Schema Extensions, Project/Publisher: Common Schema / Infrastructure Room, Work Package: Common Schema WP2 Harmonisation & Development, Date: 24/04/2020, Version: V04 FINAL, PUBLISHED https://www.buildingsmart.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/IR-CS-WP2-UML_Model_Report_Part-1_.pdf
  71. buildingSMART Part 2 The UML Model Report, Common Schema Elements, Project/Publisher: Common Schema / IFC Infra Program Office, Work Package: Common Schema WP2 Harmonization & Development, Date: 24/04/2020, Version: V04 FINAL, PUBLISHED https://www.buildingsmart.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/IR-CS-WP2-UML_Model_Report_Part-2_.pdf
  72. buildingSMART Part 3 The UML Model Report, Ports & Waterways Schema Elements, Project/Publisher: IFC Infrastructure for Ports & Waterways (IPW), Common Schema / IFC Infra Program Office, Work Package: IPW WP3 Schema Extension Development, Common Schema WP2 Harmonization & Development Date: 24/04/2020,Version: V07 FINAL, PUBLISHED https://www.buildingsmart.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/IR-CS-WP2-UML_Model_Report_Part-3_.pdf
  73. buildingSMART Part 4 The UML Model Report Railway Schema Elements, Project/Publisher: IFC Rail / Railway Room Common Schema / IFC Infra Program Office Work Package: IFC Rail WP2 Schema Extension Development Common Schema WP2 Harmonization & Development, Date: 24/04/2020 Version: V04 FINAL, PUBLISHED https://www.buildingsmart.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/IR-CS-WP2-UML_Model_Report_Part-4_.pdf
  74. buildingSMART Part 5 The UML Model Report Road Schema Elements, Project/Publisher: IFC Road Project Common Schema / IFC Infra Program Office Work Package: IFC Road WP3 Schema Extension Common Schema WP2 Harmonization & Development, Date: 24/04/2020, Version: V04 FINAL, PUBLISHED https://www.buildingsmart.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/IR-CS-WP2-UML_Model_Report_Part-5_.pdf
  75. Joonas Helminen: Automated generation of steel connections of BIM by machine learning, Master of Science Thesis,Tampere University, Masters Degree Programme in Civil Engineering;
  76. Phil Jackson, on behalf of buildingSMART International Infrastructure Room "Infrastructure Asset Managers BIM Requirements"; Technical Report No. TR 1010.
  77. BSI's Standards Outlook Issue five Double Vision; https://www.bsigroup.com/en-GB/blog/Built-Environment-Blog/double-vision/?utm_source=pardot&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=SM-SUB-NEWS-BUILD-BSOL-BLOG-2001-2012
  78. Mälardalen industrial technology center, Sweden; School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Linnea Bestjak, Cassandra Lindqvist Assessment of how Digital Twin can be utilized in manufacturing companies to create business value.
  79. EU projects on digital twins: ARtwin AR, BIM2TWIN, VesselAI, VIMS, TwinERGY, COGNITWIN, MeDiTATe, COGITO, DUET, TWINECS, MooringSense, LEAD, Ashvin, SPHERE, DIGITbrain.
  80. ATKINS (SNC-Lavalin Group) report Skills deficit. Implications and opportunities for UK infrastructure;
  81. Martin Simpson, University of Liverpool; Professor Jason Underwood, University of Salford; Dr Mark Shelbourn, University of Salford; Debbie Carlton, Dynamic Knowledge; Gulnaz Aksenova, University of Liverpool; Sajedeh Mollasalehi, University of Salford "Evolve or Die:Transforming the productivity of Built Environment Professionals and Organisations of Digital Built Britain through a new, digitally enabled ecosystem underpinned by the mediation between competence supply and demand." Pedagogy and Upskilling CDBB Network.
  82. HAME University of applied sciences, Degree Programme in Construction Engineering, Manish Yakami State of Art in Thinking of BIM Competence.
  83. buildingSMART COBie Certified Professional, Educational Curriculum. Version 1.0; https://cobie.buildingsmart.org
  84. Aalto University, Department of Built Environment School of Engineenng, M.sc Sanna Makkonen Semantic 3D Modelling for Infrastructure Asset Management.
  85. Oleg Pokusaev, Vasily Kupriyanovsky, Alexander Klimov, Dmitry Namiot, Julia Kupriyanovsky, Eugene Zarechkin "BIM, Ontology and Asset Management Technologies on European Highways"; International Journal of Open Information Technologies ISSN: 2307-8162 vol. 8, no.6, 2020.
  86. Vikas Singhal "A Conceptual Framework for effective BIM-enabled Information Management in Railways", Master Dissertation European Master in Building Information Modelling, Universidade do Minho Escola de Engenharia.
  87. .. , , 9 2020.



:

RSS-

: -
-

:

BIM  — (15 2024)
isicad Top 10

    isicad:

isicad-2010 isicad-2008
isicad-2006 isicad-2004

isicad.ru - , . - info@isicad.ru

isicad

  • , PLM ERP...


. © 2004-2024 «»

, isicad.ru .
info@isicad.ru.