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- , , , , , . - : , , , / . , , ( Spatial, Tech Soft 3D ). , . , , , . , , . , .. ( ) .
(API), . (, , , ) (, , ), , ( , ), / ( IGES/STEP).
, -. , ( NURBS) , . ( , ). - , - ( ). , , , , . , , . -, . SolidWorks, Windows. KeyCreator, Alibre Design, IRONCAD, MicroStation, T-FLEX, ADEM, SpaceClaim .
, , , . CATIA, NX, Creo Elements/Pro, Solid Edge, Autodesk Inventor, think3, -3D.
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1965 , CAD Group. , (Charles Lang), , MCAD/CAM. CAD Group (Ian Braid), BUILD, - (BRep).
.1. .
, . (, ), - . . : , ( NURBS - B-), ( NURBS). , , . , BRep ( . Boundary Representation ). , , .
1974 CAD Group Shape Data Ltd., ROMULUS.
.2. , .
Fortran , BUILD I BUILD II. ROMULUS. Hewlett-Packard CAD- ME30 ( CoCreate OneSpace Modeler, PTC CREO Elements/Direct). 1981 . Shape Data Evans & Sutherland ( - ), 1985 Parasolid ROMULUS.
Unigraphics, , (CSG) . Unigraphics UniSolids ( NX Siemens PLM Software), CSG- PADL, . , 1988 . Unigraphics Parasolid- Evans & Sutherland . - UG/Solids, Parasolid, Parasolid 1990-, EDS.
Parasolid ( ) Shape Data , (Alan Grayer) Three-Space Ltd., ACIS.
.3. (Acis) . , 1758 ().
Spatial Technology (), ACIS . (Dick Sowar), Spatial 1986 ., CAM- Strata, , , , . , , - , (John Owen), D-Cubed . Three-Space ( Spatial) D-Cubed , ACIS .
ACIS ++, 1989 . ( UNIX-, MS DOS), HP! ACIS Control Data Autodesk. Spatial $25 AutoCAD ( , 13, ACIS). Autodesk Spatial $6 $1 . . ACIS Bentley Systems Intergraph.
Spatial , : PTC (Parametric Technology Corp.) Pro/ENGINEER ( ). Pro/ENGINEER ( CREO Elements/Pro) , . , , , 2001 . ACIS Parasolid, GRANITE ( ) Pro/E, . . Pro/E ( , -, $1 . ) . ո (John Hirshtik) (Michael Payne), , PTC, 1993 Pro/E Windows. , , . ACIS, ( , Pro/E, ACIS ). , , PTC (PTC SolidWorks ), Spatial ACIS , Parasolid. , Parasolid ACIS, . , SolidWorks Parasolid.
, , Ricoh Designbase. Ricoh , . Designbase , , . , Designbase -, , . Designbase , , Helix, Futjitsu, CADRA (SofTech), GMSWorks (C-Solutions) .
Dassault Systemes . CATIA ( 1993 .), Windows. , CATIA 4, Fortran UNIX, , Dassault CATIA . , CNext, 1998 CATIA V5 ( V5 ). Fortran ++, CGM CNext/CATIA Geometric Modeler !
.4. , 1805-1815.
2008 . PLM- V6 CGM. . CGM , : (), 1-manifold ( ), 2-manifold () 3-manifold ( ), .
, Dassault CATIA V5 PLM- ( - PTC). , : , CATIA 4 ( ), V5. DS Airbus, , A380 CATIA, $6 . .
, CATIA ( Coca-Cola) - . , Spatial CGM (, : C CATIA, Convergence). , (Parasolid, ACIS, GRANITE, CGM) .
, CGM . 1990- Matra Datavision CAS.CADE, , . CAD/CAM- EUCLID QUANTUM, Matra 1996 . , , 1999 Dassault Systemes Matra -. CAS.CADE ( Dassault CGM), Matra , . Open CASCADE.
, , . Open CASCADE SAS, , , - : (6.4) 2010 . Open CASCADE, SALOME, . .
, . , , XOX Corporation Shapes ( CADKEY, ACIS). IntegrityWare 1996 . . 1998 . ( SMLib) Solid Modeling Solutions, , . 2004 . IntegrityWare SOLIDS++. ++, , , , , , G2 G3. , , , .
.5. -. .
, , , , . , 2000 . -3D, . 2002 , APM Engine, APM Studio. , .
ACIS, Parasolid Designbase, 1990- , , : -, . Bentley Systems Intergraph, MicroStation Solid Edge ACIS Parasolid.
3D/EYE, IRONCAD, : 1995 . ACIS, 1999 Parasolid, ! , ( ). - , , , , - , .
? Dassault. 2000 . Spatial, ACIS CGM, CATIA, Parasolid, SolidWorks. Dassault ACIS . Spatial , SolidWorks, Autodesk ACIS.
Spatial, , Bentley Intergraph. : . . . . , - . .
Autodesk . , Autodesk , , , , , Autodesk Dassault SolidWorks, Inventor. Autodesk $6.5 . ACIS. , , Shape Manager. , , , ! D-Cubed, Autodesk ACIS ( Spatial D-Cubed ; , 1986 ., CAD- ). Spatial Autodesk , . , (BUILD, ROMULUS, Parasolid, ACIS, Shape Manager) !
. ACIS, , Dassault. , . , Dassault, SpacaClaim, Parasolid, ACIS. , , Spatial. , (SpaceClaim, KeyCreator, IRONCAD Creo Elements/Direct) ACIS.
. , , .
, | |||
---|---|---|---|
ROMULUS | 1982 | Shape Data | HP ME30, CAM-I A |
Designbase | 1986 | Ricoh | CADRA, Helix, ICAD, GMSWorks |
ACIS | 1989 | Spatial (Dassault Systemes) | ADEM, Alibre Design, Bricscad, Creo Elements/Direct (), IRONCAD, KeyCreator, TurboCAD, SpaceClaim |
Parasolid | 1989 | Siemens PLM Software | IRONCAD, KeyCreator, MicroStation, NX, Solid Edge, SolidWorks, T-FLEX |
SMLib | 1998 | Solid Modeling Solutions | ? |
Open CASCADE | 1999 | OPEN CASCADE (Areva) | CAD-Schroer, FreeCAD |
GRANITE | 2001 | PTC | Creo Elements/Pro (Pro/Engineer) |
SOLIDS++ | 2004 | IntegrityWare | Rhino () |
CGM | 2010 | Dassault Systemes | CATIA V5, V6, SolidWorks V6 |
, SolidWorks . . , , . . , (NX CATIA, SolidWorks Inventor, -3D T-FLEX), , . CAD- . , SolidWorks V1 SolidWorks V6 , SolidWorks CATIA. , Dassault SolidWorks V1, , Windows, . , .
, SolidWorks Parasolid CGM , Dassault - . SolidWorks. , ( CGM ), SolidWorks . Dassault .